使用qq邮箱群发邮件

#SMTP

我们通过qq邮箱的[[SMTP]]服务来实现邮件的发送

From 和 To Header 格式规范

我们在使用qq邮箱发送邮件的时候出现了以下错误:

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SMTPDataError: (550, b'The "From" header is missing or invalid. Please follow RFC5322, RFC2047, RFC822 standard protocol. https://service.mail.qq.com/detail/124/995.')

这是因为其From合法性检查

From合法性检查

一、根据RFC5322协议,邮件标头中需要包含’From’信息。

二、根据RFC2047, RFC822协议,邮件标头中的’From’形式为:

  1. 邮箱地址形式:prefix@domain, 如 ‘[email protected]’。

  2. 昵称+空格+<邮箱地址>形式:nickname prefix@domain,其中,nickname为ASCII字符集中字符组合或编码文本:

(1)如果昵称全为ASCII字符,如’ABC’,邮箱地址为 ‘[email protected]’,则标头中的’From’为’ABC abc@qq.com‘。注意’ABC’和’abc@qq.com‘之间用空格隔开;

(2)如果昵称包含非ASCII字符,如中文,则请使用base64对昵称进行编码。nickname最终的形式为:”=?” charset “?” encoding “?” encoded-text “?=”。其中,charset为字符集;encoding为编码方式,’B’代表base64;encoded-text为编码后的文本。例如,昵称为’QQ邮箱昵称示例’,邮箱地址为 ‘[email protected]’,则对昵称进行base64编码,字符集使用UTF-8,则nickname为 ‘=?UTF-8?B?UVHpgq7nrrHmmLXnp7DnpLrkvos=?=’,最终邮件标头中的’From’为’”=?utf-8?B?UVHpgq7nrrHmmLXnp7DnpLrkvos=?=” abc@qq.com‘。注意编码文本和邮件地址间用空格隔开。

发送邮箱服务器端口

发送邮件服务器要用465端口,否则如下的报错:

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SMTPServerDisconnected: Connection unexpectedly closed

授权码

login的密码不是邮箱登录密码,而是授权码,需要在QQ邮箱设置-账号里获取。否则会出现以下报错:

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SSLError: [SSL: WRONG_VERSION_NUMBER] wrong version number (_ssl.c:1002)

代码

最终我们的代码如下(无附件):

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import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header
from tqdm import tqdm

sender = ''
receivers = ['']
auth_code = ""
fails = []

Sendernickname = "=?UTF-8?B?5rWZ5rGf5bel5Lia5aSn5a2m57K+5byY572R57uc?="
text = "你好!"
message = MIMEText(text, 'plain', 'utf-8')
message['From'] = Header(f"{Sendernickname}<{sender}>")
subject = '报名成功通知'
message['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')

print('Begin to send message...')
print(f'共 {len(receivers)} 名参赛者')

for receiver in tqdm(receivers):
    message['To'] = Header(f"Receiver<{receiver}>")
    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.qq.com', 465)
        server.login(sender, auth_code)
        server.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
        server.close()
       
    except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
        fails.append(receiver)
        print(f"Error: 无法发送邮件,失败邮箱为:{receiver} ,失败原因为: {e}")

print('End to send message...')
print(f'发送失败 {len(fails)} 封, 为 {fails}')

如果需要附件,可尝试以下代码:

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import smtplib
import email.utils
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.header import Header


def send_email(filename):

sender = '[email protected]' # 发送邮箱
receivers = ['[email protected]'] # 接收邮箱
auth_code = "auth code" # 授权码

message = MIMEMultipart()
message['From'] = email.utils.formataddr(('发送者', sender)) # 发送者
message['To'] = email.utils.formataddr(('收件人', receivers[0])) # 接收者

message['Subject'] = Header(filename, 'utf-8')

content = MIMEText(filename)
message.attach(content)

# 附件
excel = MIMEApplication(open(filename, 'rb').read()) # 打开Excel,读取Excel文件
excel["Content-Type"] = 'application/octet-stream' # 设置内容类型
excel.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=filename)
message.attach(excel)

try:
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.qq.com', 465)
server.login(sender, auth_code)
server.sendmail(sender, receivers, message.as_string())
server.set_debuglevel(True)
print("邮件发送成功")
server.close()
except smtplib.SMTPException:
print("Error: 无法发送邮件")

项目地址:ZeroHzzzz/Email-Autosender (github.com)


使用qq邮箱群发邮件
http://zerohzzzz.github.io/2024/08/21/使用qq邮箱群发邮件/
Author
ZeroHzzzz
Posted on
August 21, 2024
Licensed under